The Israeli army’s withdrawal from most of southern Lebanon marks a potentially significant turning point in the long-standing conflict between Israel and Hezbollah. However, the partial nature of the withdrawal, coupled with the devastation caused by the conflict and the volatile political situation in Lebanon, creates uncertainty about the future.
The Lebanese government faces challenges in asserting its authority in the south, reconstructing destroyed communities, and addressing root causes of instability. Although the withdrawal offers an opportunity to bolster state institutions, the new government faces significant challenges.
In this regard, the international community will have a pivotal role in empowering Lebanon to recover and in guaranteeing the full execution of the ceasefire agreement. Diplomatic actions are to be pursued continuously to sort through the troubled relationship between Israel and Lebanon and usher in stability in the region. The focus should be on stopping the potential return of violence while assisting with reconstruction processes.
There are several variables at play for a defining feature in rebuilding Lebanon: the government’s ability to maintain security, successful economic reconstruction, and the changing political circumstances. If the restoration of peace is achieved, the opportunities will lie in development and social healing. However, it is this period of transition that will make the difference between determining whether withdrawal becomes a stepping-stone to a lasting peace or reemerges as a chapter in the troubled history of the region.